ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo discover and analyze single or several correlative key amino acid sites that influence the host tropism during the influenza A virus （IAV） infection based on complete internal protein gene segments of IAV strains， and to provide evidence for the study of human host-adaptive mutations of IAV. MethodsThe full-length nucleotide sequences of 43 671 IAV strains containing 6 complete internal gene segments were downloaded from the GISAID EpiFluTM database， and 698 human-tropic （HU） and 1 266 avian-tropic （AV） representative strains were included. The consensus coding sequences of the representative strains from the amphitropic category were compared by R script， and the differential amino acid sites and their polymorphisms were then obtained. The multi-site combination analysis of differential sites was conducted with R script. ResultsA total of 49 and 57 conserved differential sites were obtained from the consensus sequence comparison between AV and H1N1 （subtype from HU）， and comparison between AV and H3N2 （another subtype from HU）， separately. 79 and 65 multi-site combinations were found between HU and AV strains through 3 and 4 sites combination analysis， respectively， and a total of 11 conserved sites were involved： site 271 and 684 in PB2； site 336， 486， 581 and 621 in PB1； site 204 and 356 in PA； site 33， 305 and 357 in NP. No eligible differential sites were found in M1 and NS1. ConclusionSeveral conserved amino acid differential sites， between HU and AV strains of IAV， are found in PB2， PB1， PA and NP proteins. Instead of working as single units， these sites may have interactions， forming specific amino acid combinations that determine the host tropism of IAV collectively.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the predictive value of serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) combined with transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography (vaginal color ultrasound) for ovarian reserve function in infertility patients.Methods:A total of 105 infertility patients diagnosed and treated in Dezhou People′s Hospital from January 2018 to October 2020 were selected as study subjects. Among them, 32 patients with less than 5 eggs obtained after the first treatment (low ovarian response) were included in group A, and 73 patients with 5 to 15 eggs obtained (normal ovarian response) were included in group B. Serum AMH levels were measured, antral follicle count (AFC), ovarian volume (OV), and ovarian stromal peak diastolic systolic velocity (PSV) were recorded by vaginal ultrasound. The levels of above index in A, B groups, patients aged > 35 years old, and those aged ≤35 years old were compared. Moreover, the correlation among serum AMH level and aged, ultrasonic parameters were analyzed. The efficacy of serum AMH level and AFC, OV and PSV in predicting low ovarian response was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:The levels of serum AMH, AFC, OV and PSV in group A were lower than those in group B: (0.69 ± 0.28) μg/L vs. (1.43 ± 0.44) μg/L, (8.52 ± 2.29) eggs vs. (11.15 ± 2.56) eggs, (3.12 ± 0.70) cm 3 vs. (4.50 ± 1.31) cm 3, (8.80 ± 2.14) cm/s vs. (15.80 ± 4.43) cm/s, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The levels of serum AMH, AFC, OV and PSV in aged > 35 years old group were lower than those in aged ≤35 years old group: (0.64 ± 0.20) g/L vs. (1.71 ± 0.46) μg/L, (8.35 ± 2.68) eggs vs. (12.17 ± 2.79) eggs, (3.05 ± 0.78) cm 3 vs. (5.02 ± 1.26) cm 3, (9.01 ± 3.04) cm/s vs. (17.90 ± 4.19) cm/s, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Serum AMH level was negatively correlated with age ( r = -0.317, P<0.05), and positively correlated with AFC, OV and PSV ( r = 0.288, 0.326, 0.370, P<0.05). The sensitivity and specificity for the evaluation of low ovarian response by AMH+AFC+OV+PSV were 96.90% and 100.00% respectively. Conclusions:The sensitivity and specificity of serum AMH combined with vaginal color ultrasound for the evaluation of ovarian reserve function in infertility patients are both high.
ABSTRACT
肌肉硬度； 竖脊肌； 信度； 康复训练
ABSTRACT
Current studies have found that cognitive training has a significant effect on the improvement of training task performance in the elderly, but the training effects are difficult to transfer to untrained cognitive tasks.Recent studies have found that adaptive cognitive training can obtain better transfer effects.This article focuses on the transfer and maintenance effects of adaptive cognitive training; reviews recent research on brain mechanisms related to adaptive cognitive training; analyzes existing problems in the field, and proposes further studies to explore ways for effective implementation of adaptive cognitive training with continuously challenging tasks and to elucidate the cognitive and neural mechanisms related to the transfer effects.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To study the expression of ubiquilin2 (UBQLN2) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its effect on the proliferation, invasion and metastasis ability of NSCLC cells.Methods:Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of UBQLN2 in NSCLC cancer (24 cases) and adjacent normal tissues (24 cases), and to analyze the relationship between the expression of UBQLN2 and lymph node metastasis of NSCLC cancer. The expression of UBQLN2 in human normal bronchopulmonary epithelial cells and NSCLC cells was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)and Western blot; the effect of UBQLN2 on the proliferation of NSCLC cells was detected by lentivirus overexpression technology combined with MTS and EDU experiments in vitro; the effect of UBQLN2 on the invasion and metastasis of NSCLC cells was detected by scratch experiments in vitro and transwell experiments; a dual-fluorescence autophagy flow detection system was constructed by GFP-LC3-RFP-mLC3 plasmid packaging virus and Western blot was used to detect the change of autophagy after overexpression of UBQLN2; TCGA online data was uesd to analyze the expression level of UBQLN2 and lung cancer patients relevance of prognosis. Results:The expression of UBQLN2 in normal lung tissues was significantly higher than that in NSCLC tissues ( P<0.01), and the expression in patients with negative lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that in patients with positive lymph node metastasis ( P<0.01); the expression of UBQLN2 in NSCLC cells was significantly lower than that in normal lung epithelial cells, and the overexpression of UBQLN2 could inhibit the proliferation and invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. The expression of UBQLN2 was positively correlated with the prognosis of NSCLC. Conclusions:The expression of UBQLN2 is significantly lower in lung cancer tissues and cells, and is negatively correlated with the lymph node metastasis of NSCLC; UBQLN2 can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of NSCLC cells; the expression of UBQLN2 is positively correlated with the prognosis of patients.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the role of small molecule glycoprotein Serglycin (SRGN) in chemotherapy resistance of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods:In NSCLC H1299 cell line, shRNA technology was used to interfere with the expression of SRGN and establish stable interfering cell line. Western blot and real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to verify the knockdown efficiency; MTS was used to detect the knockdown cell line′s drug sensitivity to cDDP and Oxaliplatin; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to explore the effect of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) on SRGN and vice versa; Western blot was used to detect the effect of SRGN on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related molecules, and online data bioinformatics was used to analyze the correlation between SRGN and EMT related molecules expression; in addition, online prognostic analysis software (kmplot) was used to analyze the correlation between SRGN, TGFβ and prognosis of lung cancer patients.Results:Comparing with the control group, the test group, knocking down SRGN can obviously improve the drug sensitivity of NSCLC cell to cDDP ( P=0.032 7) or Oxaliplatin ( P=0.014 2). TGFβ can enhance the experission of SRGN in NSCLC and SRGN also can help TGFβ secreted from cells. SRGN promotes the epithelial mesenchyme transition by modulating Snail1. By analyzing TCGA database, we found that the expression of SRGN was negatively correlated with the expression of CDH1 (coding for Ecadherin protein) ( r=-0.25) and there was a positive correlation with Snai1 expression ( r=0.37). These results suggest that SRGN can promote the change of EMT in lung cancer cells through TGF β 1 and snail 1. The overall survival time of NSCLC patients with low expression of SRGN was much longer than the patients with high expression of SRGN ( P=0.007 7). The overall survival time of NSCLC patient with low expression in both SRGN and TGFβ1 or TGFβ2 was 73months or 42.8 months longer than that with high expression in both SRGN and TGFβ1/2. Conclusions:Intercting with TGFβ1, SRGN promotes EMT of NSCLC cells, which facilitates the chemoresistence of NSCLC. The simultaneous low expression of SRGN and TGFβ1 or TGFβ2 can significantly prolong the overall survival of patients with NSCLC.
ABSTRACT
Objectives@#Fitting and forecasting the trend of COVID-19 epidemics.@*Methods@#Based on SEIR dynamic model, considering the COVID-19 transmission mechanism, infection spectrum and prevention and control procedures, we developed SEIR+ CAQ dynamic model to fit the frequencies of laboratory confirmed cases obtained from the government official websites. The data from January 20, 2020 to February 7, 2020 were used to fit the model, while the left data between February 8-12 were used to evaluate the quality of forecasting.@*Results@#According to the cumulative number of confirmed cases between January 29 to February 7, the fitting bias of SEIR+ CAQ model for overall China (except for cases of Hubei province), Hubei province (except for cases of Wuhan city) and Wuhan city was less than 5%. For the data of subsequent 5 days between February 8 to 12, which were not included in the model fitting, the prediction biases were less than 10%. Regardless of the cases diagnosed by clinical examines, the numbers of daily emerging cases of China (Hubei province not included), Hubei Province (Wuhan city not included) and Wuhan city reached the peak in the early February. Under the current strength of prevention and control, the total number of laboratory- confirmed cases in overall China will reach 80 417 till February 29, 2020, respectively.@*Conclusions@#The proposed SEIR+ CAQ dynamic model fits and forecasts the trend of novel coronavirus pneumonia well and provides evidence for decision making.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the role of leucine rich repeat neuronal 3 (LRRN3) in the prolif-eration of non-small cell lung cancer and its possible mechanism of expression regulation. Methods The expression of LRRN3 in non-small cell lung cancer was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction ( qPCR) , immunohistochemistry and bioinformatics retrieval;A lung cancer cell line A549-LRRN3 with stable over-expression of LRRN3 was established by lentivirus over-expression technology;The effect of LRRN3 on the proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium ( MTT) assay;Bioinformatics search for changes in methylation of LRRN3 promoter region and treatment of lung cancer cells by methyltransferase inhibitors to detect the effect of methylation on the regulation of LR-RN3 expression; Finally, bioinformatics search analyzes the correlation between LRRN3 and lung cancer prognosis. Results The mRNA expression of LRRN3 in clinical tissues of non-small cell lung cancer (n=12) was significantly lower than that of adjacent normal tissues (n=12) (P=0. 0014). The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the protein expression level of LRRN3 in non-small cell lung adenocar-cinoma was lower than that in normal tissues (P=0. 001), and the expression in non-small cell lung squa-mous cell carcinoma was also lower than that in normal tissues (P=0. 003). Overexpression of LRRN3 in-hibited the proliferation of tumor cells (P<0. 01), and the hypermethylation of LRRN3 in the promoter re-gion inhibited its transcriptional expression. LRRN3 was positively correlated with the survival prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (P=5. 2e-09;HR=0. 48). Conclusions Hypermethylation in the promoter region of LRRN3 inhibits its transcriptional expression, thereby promoting the proliferation of lung cancer cells.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the value of stretched-exponential model of DWI in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions.Methods Totally 58 patients with 63 breast lesions (33 benign,30 malignant lesions) were enrolled.All the patients underwent multiple b value DWI and dynamic contrast enhancement MRI (DCE-MRI) scans.The values of ADC,DDC and water molecular diffusion heterogeneity index (α) were calculated,and the time signal intensity curve (TIC) was obtained.All the parameters were compared between benign and malignant breast lesions.The diagnostic performance of different parameters was evaluated with ROC curve.Results ADC,DDC and α value of malignant lesions was (1.01±0.19)×10-3 mm2/s,(0.89±0.23)×10-3 mm2/s and 0.75±0.09,while of benign lesions was (1.41±0.27)× 10-3 mm2/s,(1.49±0.29)× 10-3mm2/s and 0.87±0.07,respectively.All 3 parameters in malignant lesions were lower than those in benign lesions (all P＜0.01).Taking 1.22 × 10-3 mm2/s as the optimal threshold,the area under the curve (AUC) of DDC was the largest as 0.958,and the corresponding diagnostic sensitivity and specificity was 96.67％ and 81.82％,respectively.AUC value was 0.976 by combining DDC with TIC,and the corresponding diagnostic sensitivity and specificity was 93.33％ and 93.94％,respectively.Conclusion The stretched-exponential model DWI can differentiate breast lesions,and diagnostic performance of combination of DDC and TIC is better than ADC or DCE.
ABSTRACT
Objective To detect the spatial distribution characteristics of water fluoride in Shandong Province.Methods The county-based study set Shandong Province as a research site.The county level fluoride database was matched with electronic maps to build geographic information system (GIS) spatial data platform.Global Moran's I and Local Moran's I index were calculated,respectively,and the cluster range of water fluoride distribution in Shandong Province was studied through SaTScan software.Results The water fluoride was normal (≤ 1.0 mg/L) in 54 counties in Shandong Province,mainly located in Weihai and Yantai in the eastern,Dongying in northern,and vast region in middle and southeastern of Shandong Province.Eighty-six counties were high water fluoride counties (＞ 1.0 mg/L),mainly distributed in the southwest,northwest and north-central of Shandong Province,showing a significant geographical feature.Global spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the distribution of water fluoride content in Shandong Province showed significant positive spatial autocorrelation (Moran's I =0.44,Z =6.83,P ＜ 0.01).Local Moran's I analysis showed water fluoride in 13 counties had local spatial autocorrelation,being all high-high clusters.And these results were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).A cluster area was detected through SaTScan spatial analysis software,including 15 counties.The center was located in Dongming County of Heze City,with radius of 130.08 km.The results and the local spatial autocorrelation results were basically consistent.Conclusions There are apparent spatial autocorrelation and spatial cluster in water fluoridation in Shandong Province.Spatial autocorrelation and SaTScan software can be combined in exploring the spatial distribution of water fluoride.
ABSTRACT
@#Objective To explore the intra- and inter-rater reliability of shear wave elastography (SWE) for the patellar tendon and quadriceps femoris stiffness.Methods From October to November, 2017, the stiffness of the patellar tendon and quadriceps femoris of 20 healthy men was measured by SWE, and measured again five days later. The results were evaluated with interclass correlation coefficient (ICC).Results For patellar tendon, ICC=0.79 in intra-rater and inter-rater; for rectus femoris, ICC=0.71 in intra-rater and 0.73 in inter-rater; for vastus lateralis muscle, ICC=0.84 in intra-rater and 0.74 in inter-rater; for vastus medialis,ICC=0.95 in intra-rater and 0.94 in inter-rater.Conclusion It is a reliable and repeatable method to measure the stiffness of patellar tendon and quadriceps femoris by SWE.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the homology of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-KPN) isolates by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) method,and profile CR-KPN infections in terms of MLST sequence types (STs).Methods A total of 61 CR-KPN isolates were collected in five hospitals from Liaoning Province from January 2013 to June 2015.The MICs of 14 antimicrobial agents against these isolates were determined by broth microdilution method.The genotypes of carbapenemases were analyzed by PCR and DNA sequencing techniques.The homology of CR-KPN isolates were analyzed by MLST method.The clinical data of patients with CR-KPN infection were reviewed to characterize CR-KPN infections.Results A total of 18 STs were identified among the 61 CR-KPN strains according to MLST data.More than 50 ％ of the isolates belonged to ST11 (53.3 ％).ST11 strains showed higher resistance rate to carbapenems and higher prevalence of KPC-2 type carbapenemase.Univariate analysis indicated that more ST 11-infected patients were treated in ICU and with mechanical ventilation than non-ST11 CR-KPN-infected patients (P＜0.05).ST2033,ST2135,ST2193,ST2194,ST2195 and ST2196 were the STs firstly registered in the world.The eBURST analysis showed that ST2193,ST2194,ST2195 and ST 11 were closely related.Clinical data indicated that the prevalent CR-KPN strains during the same period in the same hospital usually belonged to the same ST clone.Conclusions MLST of CR-KPN showed 18 sequence types,of which ST11 was the predominant type.Clinical data indicated that the prevalent CR-KPN strains during the same period in the same hospital usually belonged to the same ST clone.This suggests the potential of local CR-KPN outbreak.The ICU patients and those receiving mechanical ventilation may be prone to CRKPN (especially ST11) infection.Such patients should be managed appropriately.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the antibiotic resistance and resistance genes of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceaes (CRE) isolated from 5 hospitals in Northeast China.Methods This study collected 85 CRE isolates during January 2013 to June 2015 from five hospitals in Northeast China.Drug sensitivities of 14 antimicrobial agents were determined by the broth microdilution method.The phenotypes of carbapenemases were screened by modified Hodge test and EDTA test respectively.The genotypes of carbapenemases and other extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) were detected by PCR gene amplification and DNA sequencing method.Using the PCR result as gold standard, the performances of other two carbapenemase detection methods were evaluated.Results Among the 85 CRE strains collected in this study, Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequently isolated species (61/85,71.8%).The results of antimicrobial agent sensitivity showed that the 85 CRE strains had resistance rate of cephalosporin and β-lactams/enzyme inhibitor (piperacillin-tazobactam) over 80.0%.The resistance rate of carbapenem was high, with ertapenem 100.0% (85/85), meropenem 65.9% (56/85), imipenem 71.8% (61/85).There were 36 isolates resistant to both meropenem and imipenem.For fluoroquinolones, the resistance rates of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were 72.9% (62/85) and 65.9% (56/85), respectively.The resistance rate to fosfomycin and amikacin were 65.0% (55/85) and 54.1% (46/85), respectively.The resistance rate of colistin (21.2%, 18/85) and tigecycline (20.5%, 17/85) were low.Forty-nine strains were modified Hodge test positive and 12 strains were EDTA test positive.By PCR gene amplification and DNA sequencing method, 64 strains carried carbapenemase-encoding genes, of which KPC-2 was the main type (53/85, 62.4%), followed by IMP-4 (10/85, 11.8%), NDM-5 (7/85, 8.2%) and NDM-6 (1/85, 1.2%).At the same time, 85 CRE isolates had the ESBL gene detection and 47 isolates were CTX-M type ESBLs (47/85, 55.3%), with no TEM or SHV type.Conclusions Klebsiella pneumoniae is the majority of CRE strains from 5 large hospitals in Northeastern China.The CRE strains are resistant to most of antimicrobials.Most carbapenemases-producing isolates have the KPC-2 type.Nearly half of the carbapenemase-producing strains also carry ESBL genes, which makes the resistance mechanisms more complicated.
ABSTRACT
Objective The method for detecting expression of human CDK14 gene with Real-time quantitative PCR was developed.Methods To establish a method for detecting expression of human CDK14 gene with Real-time quantitative PCR by designing and synthesis of the primers of CDK14 target gene andβ-Actin reference gene and extracting total RNA from different lung cancer cell lines.Then the specificity,detection range and repeatability of this method were evaluated.At last,the expression level of CDK14 gene in different cell lines,which were with or without siRNA interference,were carried out by using this method.Results The method for detecting expression of human CDK14 gene with Real-time quantitative PCR,which had good specificity,good repeatability (CV=7.3 ％) and wide detection range (Ct value range of CDK14 and β-Actin amplification curve were 22.47～32.96 and 15.14～ 27.55 respectively,r2 =0.9844),was developed and it was verified by electrophoresis analysis,melting curve,PCR product sequencing.And CDK14 gene expression level,which was detected by this method,increased in HCC827 D5,H1650 and number 1 siRNA segment was effective interference segment.Conclusion The method for detecting expression of human CDK14 gene with Real-time quantitauve PCR was established successfully.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the mechanism of glycoprotein serglycin (SRGN) promoting metastasis of breast cancer cells and the possible mechanism of SRGN expression.Methods Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bioinformation retrieval were used to detect the expression of SRGN in lymph node metastasis and non-metastasis breast cancer.MDA-MB-231 shRNA and MCF-7-SRGN of breast cancer stable cell line were established by lentivirus shRNA interferencc and overexpression.Transwell assay was used to test the effect of SRGN on invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cell line in vitro.Western blot assay was used to detect the changes of epithelial-mesenchymal (EMT) related markers.The possible regulatory mechanism of SRGN expression was detected by Western blot assay.Results SRGN expression was significantly increased in lymph node metastasis of breast cancer in clinical specimens.SRGN interference inhibited the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells.SRGN promoted breast cancer cells EMT.Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) promoted the expression of beta SRGN transcription.Conclusions SRGN can induce the change of EMT in breast cancer cells and promote the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the technique of maximum entropy model for extracting Oncomelania hupensis snail habi?tats in Poyang Lake zone. Methods The information of snail habitats and related environment factors collected in Poyang Lake zone were integrated to set up the maximum entropy based species model and generate snail habitats distribution map. Two Land?sat 7 ETM+remote sensing images of both wet and drought seasons in Poyang Lake zone were obtained,where the two indices of modified normalized difference water index(MNDWI)and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)were applied to ex?tract snail habitats. The ROC curve,sensitivities and specificities were applied to assess their results. Furthermore,the impor?tance of the variables for snail habitats was analyzed by using Jackknife approach. Results The evaluation results showed that the area under receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)of testing data by the remote sensing?based method was only 0.56, and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.23 and 0.89 respectively. Nevertheless,those indices above?mentioned of maximum en?tropy model were 0.876,0.89 and 0.74 respectively. The main concentration of snail habitats in Poyang Lake zone covered the northeast part of Yongxiu County,northwest of Yugan County,southwest of Poyang County and middle of Xinjian County,and the elevation was the most important environment variable affecting the distribution of snails,and the next was land surface tem?perature(LST). Conclusions The maximum entropy model is more reliable and accurate than the remote sensing?based meth?od for the sake of extracting snail habitats,which has certain guiding significance for the relevant departments to carry out mea?sures to prevent and control high?risk snail habitats.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the classification of the specification grade of Dioscorea opposite.METHODS:Using the Delphi method,17 experts,who were associated with the study of the distribution and clinical application of D.opposite,were selected to conduct two rounds of consultation on 18 samples of medicinal herbs.The importance of the sensory evaluation indexes of D.opposite was screened and the overall satisfaction was evaluated.The specification grade of D.oppositewas determined preliminarily.RESULTS:Totally 17 questionnaires were issued for each round of consultation,and 17 were recovered with recovery rate of 100％.According to statistical analysis,the average value of expert's authority coefficient was 0.77 +0.07,and average recurrence rate of individual review was (91.18 + 7.64)％.The average recurrence rates of group review in two rounds of consultation were (66.67 + 13.50)％ and (65.97 + 14.01)％.The influence of working life,business background and educational background on recurrence rates of group review for interviewed experts was comprehensive.The full score ratio of appearance and cross-sectional characteristics importance was more than 80％,and the average value was more than 0.8.The full score ratio and average value of iron yam were higher.CONCLUSIONS:It is accurate and scientific to evaluate the specification grade of Chinese medicinal herbs with sensory experience.The most important evaluation indicators of D.opposite were the appearance,shape and cross-sectional characteristics.And it is divided into iron yam and non-iron yam preliminarily.The iron yam grade in descending order:Henan sandy iron yam,Shandong sandy iron yam,Henan loquat iron yam.The non-iron yam grade in descending order:Henan Huaiqingfu D.opposite,Hebei Xiaobaizui D.opposite,Hebei Ma D.opposite and Shanxi Chang D.opposite.
ABSTRACT
@#Objective To understand the epidemical patterns of schistosomiasis in Guichi District of Chizhou City，Anhui Province，in order to provide the reference for schistosomiasis control. Methods The annual data of schistosomiasis endemic situation in Guichi District from 1991 to 2011 were collected. The descriptive analysis was first conducted to describe the changes of schistosomiasis in local residents and the status of Oncomelania hupensis. An autoregressive integrated moving average （ARIMA）model was applied to fit and predict the tendency of schistosomiasis incidence in this region. Results The humanmorbidity increased with the increasing of the areas with snail habitats（P < 0.05），and four peaks（in 1992，1995，2005，2008）were detected. The difference of the area with snails among different types of snail habitats was statistically significant（F = 256.79，P < 0.05）. ARIMA（1，1，1）was determined to be the optimal model for analyzing the morbidity of schistosomiasis，and the short⁃term forecast of the morbidity in Guichi District from 2012 to 2015 showed that the predicted values were 0.017%，0.007%，0.012%，and 0.010%，respectively. Conclusions The endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Guichi District is controlled relatively well in the past two decades. However，the surveillance in the lake and marshland regions should be strengthened continuously to prevent the rebounding of the schistosomiasis endemic situation.
ABSTRACT
Objective To assess the efficacy of Sevoflurane-Remifentanil anesthesia in pediatric fiberoptic bron-choscopy (FOB) compared with a Propofol-Remifentanil regimen. Methods 60 children scheduled for fiberoptic bronchoscopy were randomly divided into two groups ( = 30 in each group): In group S, patients received Sevoflu-rane inhalation and intravenous infusion with Remifentanil. In group P, patients received total intravenous anesthesia with Propofol and Remifentanil. Standard laryngeal mask airways (LMA) were inserted into all children in two groups after anesthesia and fiberoptic bronchoscopy was carried out via LPA. MAP, HR, SpO2, PETCO2 and BIS were record-ed before anesthesia (T0, baseline), before FOB (T1), 2 min after FOB (T2). Then assess the effect of general anesthe-sia. Procedure time, recovery time and incidence of adverse events were also recorded. Results HR, MAP and SpO2 at T1 and SpO2 at T2 in group P were significantly lower than those in group S. PETCO2 at T1 and MAP, HR, PETCO2 at T2 in group P were significantly higher than those in group S. Better quality of anesthesia, less respiratory depression, and less interruption needed during procedure were found in group S. Conclusion Compared with Propofol-based to-tal intravenous anesthesia, Sevoflurane inhalation via laryngeal mask combined with intravenous Remifentanil pro-vides a superior profile in pediatric fiberoptic bronchoscopy.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the pathogen distribution and drug resistance of candida isolated from children with blood infections in our hospital,and to provide reference for clinical effective prevention and treatment.Methods The blood specimens of pediatric patients were collected between January 2009 and December 2015,and were cultured using BacT/ALERT 3D and BD9140 instruments.The candida were separated with Sobaurandps agar culture medium,and identified with chromogenic medium,API 20CAUX test strips or VITEK-2 compact YST card.The minimal inhibitory concentration of 5 drugs were determined by ATB FUNGUS 3 system.Results In 176 cases,92 strains (52.3％) were from neonatal ward,and 46 strains (26.1％) were from PICU.In newborn group,85 strains were isolated from premature,which contained the low and very low birth weight infants (37 strains),pneumonia(20 strains),neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(9 strains).In PICU,the strains were commonly isolated from children with severe infection.Among 176 strains of candida,71 strains (40.3％) were C.albicans,62 strains (35.2％) were C.parapsilosis,16 strains(9.1％) were C.glabrata,9 strains(5.1％) were C.tropicalis,and 18 strains(10.2％) belonged to other candida.Conclusion Candida blood infections can happen at all age of chlidren.The most common strains detected from blood were C.albicans,followed by C.parapsilosis.Most of these strains are susceptible to antifungal drugs,such as fluconazole,except C.glabrata.The sensitive rates to commonly used antifungal drug are more than 93％.The selection of antifungal drugs should be based on the species of strains.